The amount of bacterial and archaeal genome sequence and methylome data has greatly
increased over the last decade, enabling new insights into the functional roles of DNA …

Epigenetics modulates expression levels of various important genes in both prokaryotes and
eukaryotes. These epigenetic traits are heritable without any change in genetic DNA …

Three types of DNA methyl modifications have been detected in bacterial genomes, and
mechanistic studies have demonstrated roles for DNA methylation in physiological functions …

The rampant use of antibiotics in animal husbandry, farming and clinical disease treatment
has led to a significant issue with pathogen resistance worldwide over the past decades …

Bacteriophages or phages are viruses that infect bacterial cells (for the scope of this review
we will also consider viruses that infect Archaea). Constant threat of phage infection is a …

Opportunistic pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa adapt their genomes rapidly
during chronic infections. Understanding their epigenetic regulation may provide biomarkers …

Although prokaryotic DNA methylation investigations have long focused on immunity against
exogenous DNA, it has been recently recognized that DNA methylation impacts gene …

Aeromonas veronii is an opportunistic pathogen that affects both fish and mammals,
including humans, leading to bacteraemia, sepsis, meningitis and even death. The …

Programmed chromosomal inversions allow bacteria to generate intra-population genotypic
and functional heterogeneity, a bet-hedging strategy important in changing environments …

Streptococcus suis is a major cause of respiratory tract and invasive infections in pigs and is
responsible for a substantial disease burden in the pig industry. S. suis is also a significant …