The pathway to a thriving newborn begins before conception and continues in utero with a
healthy placenta and the right balance of nutrients and growth factors that are timed and …

Background Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is difficult to eradicate due to BV biofilms protecting BV
bacteria (Gardnerella, Prevotella, and other genera). With the growing understanding of …

Half of the people living with HIV are women. Younger women remain disproportionally
affected in endemic areas, but infection rates in older women are rising worldwide. The …

Immunoglobulin (Ig) bacterial coating has been described in the gastrointestinal tract and
linked to inflammatory bowel disease; however, little is known about Ig coating of vaginal …

Problem Preterm birth (PTB) remains a leading cause of childhood mortality. Recent studies
demonstrate that the risk of spontaneous PTB (sPTB) is increased in individuals with …

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is an infection of the genital tract characterized by disturbance of the
normally Lactobacilli-dominated vaginal flora due to the overgrowth of Gardnerella and …

Vulvovaginitis (itching, discharge, and odor) is one of the top reasons patients with vaginas
will present to a Gynecologist's office. Most commonly attributed to yeast, bacterial vaginosis …

Problem Interferon‐epsilon (IFNε) is the only type I IFN constitutively expressed in the female
reproductive tract and fluctuates across the menstrual cycle in humans. Mouse models show …

Recurrent urogenital infections such as bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and
urinary tract infections have a high prevalence and pronounced psychosocial impact …

The Gardnerella genus, comprising at least 13 species, is associated with the polymicrobial
disorder bacterial vaginosis (BV). However, the details of BV pathogenesis are poorly …