Inspired by physically adaptive, agile, reconfigurable and multifunctional soft-bodied
animals and human muscles, soft actuators have been developed for a variety of …

Soft robots' flexibility and compliance give them the potential to outperform traditional rigid-
bodied robots while performing multiple tasks in unexpectedly changing environments and …

Natural organisms offer abundant inspiration for designing and fabricating hydrogel robots
with autonomous and intelligent behaviors, including motion, perception, and response to …

Inspired by natural mobile microorganisms, researchers have developed micro/nanomotors
(MNMs) that can autonomously move by transducing different kinds of energies into kinetic …

Artificial haptic sensors form the basis of touch-based human-interfaced applications.
However, they are unable to respond to remote events before physical contact. Some …

After decades of development, microrobots have exhibited great application potential in the
biomedical field, such as minimally invasive surgery, drug delivery, and bio‐sensing …

Bioengineering approaches that combine living cellular components with three-dimensional
scaffolds to generate motion can be used to develop a new generation of miniature robots …

Biohybrid is a newly emerging and promising approach to construct soft robotics and soft
machines with novel functions, high energy efficiency, great adaptivity and intelligence …

Bio‐hybrid technologies aim to replicate the unique capabilities of biological systems that
could surpass advanced artificial technologies. Soft bio‐hybrid robots consist of synthetic …

The past ten years have seen the rapid expansion of the field of biohybrid robotics. By
combining engineered, synthetic components with living biological materials, new robotics …