Gliomas are the most prevalent primary malignant brain tumors worldwide, with
glioblastoma (GBM) being the most common and aggressive type. Despite two decades of …

Introduction High-grade glioma (HGG) is one of the most deadly and difficult cancers to treat.
Despite intense research efforts, there has not been a significant breakthrough in treatment …

Background High-grade gliomas have a poor prognosis and do not respond well to
treatment. Effective cancer immune responses depend on functional immune cells, which …

An oncolytic virus is a promising strategy for glioblastoma (GBM) therapy. However, there
are still some challenges such as the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and preexisting immunity for …

Glioma is the most common primary malignant tumor of the nervous system that starts in the
glial cells. Its high invasiveness and recurrence pose major challenges to its effective …

Gliomas are the most prevalent and devastating primary malignant brain tumors in adults.
Despite substantial advances in understanding glioma biology, there have been no …

Glioblastoma (GBM) remains a challenge in Neuro‐oncology, with a poor prognosis
showing only a 5% survival rate beyond two years. This is primarily due to its …

Glioblastoma (GB), the most aggressive tumor of the central nervous system (CNS), has
poor patient outcomes with limited effective treatments available. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21 (a)) …

Cytokines, tumor cells, and tumor-associated macrophages play crucial roles in the
composition of glioma tissue. Studies have demonstrated that certain cytokines can induce …

Dysregulation of clusterin (CLU) has been demonstrated in many cancers and has been
proposed as a regulator of carcinogenesis. However, the roles of CLU in gliomas remain …