Ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s) are the central players in the trio of enzymes
responsible for the attachment of ubiquitin (Ub) to cellular proteins. Humans have∼ 40 E2s …

Post-translational modifications (PTM) involve enzyme-mediated covalent addition of
functional groups to proteins during or after synthesis. These modifications greatly increase …

TRIM5 is a RING domain E3 ubiquitin ligase with potent antiretroviral function. TRIM5
assembles into a hexagonal lattice on retroviral capsids, causing envelopment of the …

Ubiquitin signalling is a fundamental eukaryotic regulatory system, controlling diverse
cellular functions. A cascade of E1, E2, and E3 enzymes is required for assembly of distinct …

The spatio-temporal expression patterns of RNA and comparisons between different
developmental stages have been one of the useful techniques for studying animal …

ABSTRACT CLEC16A regulates mitochondrial health through mitophagy and is associated
with over 20 human diseases. However, the key structural and functional regions of …

Many receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs, such as EGFR, MET) are negatively regulated by
ubiquitination and degradation mediated by Cbl proteins, a family of RING finger (RF) …

Plasmid DNA (pDNA) transfection is advantageous for gene therapies requiring larger
genetic elements, including" all-in-one" CRISPR/Cas9 plasmids, but is limited by toxicity as …

Huntington's disease (HD) is caused by a CAG repeat expansion that encodes a
polyglutamine (polyQ) expansion in the HD disease protein, huntingtin (HTT). PolyQ …

The ubiquitination is crucial for controlling cellular homeostasis and protein modification, in
which ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2) acts as the central player in the ubiquitination …