Anxiety is experienced in response to threats that are distal or uncertain, involving changes
in one's subjective state, autonomic responses, and behavior. Defensive and physiologic …

Naturalistic observations show that decisions to avoid or escape predators occur at different
spatiotemporal scales and that they are supported by different computations and neural …

Modeling human cognition is challenging because there are infinitely many mechanisms
that can generate any given observation. Some researchers address this by constraining the …

INTRODUCTION One of the fundamental questions in clinical neuroscience is why some
individuals can cope with traumatic events, while others remain traumatized by a haunting …

Previous research has stressed the importance of uncertainty for controlling the speed of
learning, and how such control depends on the learner inferring the noise properties of the …

Humans possess a remarkable ability to make decisions within real-world environments that
are expansive, complex, and multidimensional. Human cognitive computational …

Anxiety is characterized by altered responses under uncertain conditions, but the precise
mechanism by which uncertainty changes the behaviour of anxious individuals is unclear …

Cognitive fatigue and boredom are two phenomenological states that reflect overt task
disengagement. In this article, we present a rational analysis of the temporal structure of …

Organisms learn from prediction errors (PEs) to predict the future. Laboratory studies using
small financial outcomes find that humans use PEs to update expectations and link …

A goal of computational psychiatry is to ground symptoms in basic mechanisms. Theory
suggests that avoidance in anxiety disorders may reflect dysregulated mental simulation, a …