Since the first recordings of single potassium channel activities in the plasma membrane of
guard cells more than 25 years ago, patch-clamp studies discovered a variety of ion …

Auxin regulates several aspects of plant growth and development. Auxin is unique among
plant hormones for exhibiting polar transport. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), the major form of …

Plants exhibit rapid, systemic signaling systems that allow them to coordinate physiological
and developmental responses throughout the plant body, even to highly localized and …

A transient rise in cytosolic calcium ion concentration is one of the main signals used by
plants in perception of their environment. The role of calcium in the detection of abiotic stress …

Abstract Calcium (Ca2+) and manganese (Mn2+) are essential elements for plants and have
similar ionic radii and binding coordination. They are assigned specific functions within …

Potassium (K) is the most abundant inorganic cation in plants. It is required for the activation
of many enzymes, as a cellular osmoticum for rapidly expanding cells, and as a counter …

Abstract Calcium (Ca2+) is among the most important intracellular messengers in living
organisms. Understanding the players and dynamics of Ca2+ signalling pathways in plants …

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The most prominent ion channel localized in plant vacuoles is the slow activating SV type.
Slow vacuolar (SV) channels were discovered by patch clamp studies as early as 1986. In …