Glial cell line–derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a 134 amino acid protein belonging in
the GDNF family ligands (GFLs). GDNF was originally isolated from rat glial cell lines and …

Constipation has been traditionally viewed and classified as a functional or idiopathic
disorder. However, evidence has been accumulating that suggests how constipation might …

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by
striatonigral degeneration and olivo-pontocerebellar atrophy. Neuronal degeneration is …

Primate-specific genes and isoforms could provide insight into human brain diseases. Our
bioinformatic analysis revealed that there are possibly five isoforms of human GDNF gene …

Endocrine and neuronal cells have highly developed secretion mechanisms, and the
secretion can be either constitutive or regulated by physiological stimuli. In the constitutive …

Neurotrophic factors may play a role in exercise-induced neuroprotective effects, however it
is not known if exercise mediates changes in glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor …

Recently, mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) has been reported to
prevent cell death under some pathophysiological conditions. MANF, also referred to as …

J. Neurochem.(2011) 117, 121–132. Abstract Cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor
(CDNF) is a novel evolutionary conserved protein which can protect and restore the function …

Growing evidences have revealed that the proforms of several neurotrophins including
nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and neurotrophin-3 …

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is expressed at a high level in the human
ovary and GDNF signaling is involved in the direct control of follicular activation and oocyte …