Diffusion and wave propagation are both fundamental transport mechanisms, but they have
intrinsically different dynamics, governing equations, and applications. Over the past …

Diffusion driven by temperature or concentration gradients is a fundamental mechanism of
energy and mass transport that inherently differs from wave propagation in both physical …

This open access book describes the theory of transformation thermotics and its extended
theories for the active control of macroscopic thermal phenomena of artificial systems, which …

Recent studies have identified plasma as a topological material. Yet, these researches often
depict plasma as a fluid governed by electromagnetic fields, ie, a classical wave system …

Plasma technology has widespread applications in many fields, whereas the methods for
manipulating plasma transport are limited to magnetic control. In this study, we used a …

We demonstrate a self-consistent and complete description of electron dynamics in a typical
electropositive radio frequency magnetron sputtering (RFMS) argon discharge with a …

The present review provides an overview of the basic theory of sputtering with recent
models, focusing in particular on sputtered atom energy distribution functions. Molecular …

Objective In the present paper, the influence of cylindrical magnetron configurations on the
fundamental plasma parameters of the axial magnetic field was described in more detail …

To obtain both high ionization and high deposition rate, a modified global model for a
continuous high-power DC magnetron sputtering (C-HPMS) is established by considering …

In this work, the whole process of physical vapor deposition, including the generation,
migration and deposition of sputtering atoms, has been calculated and simulated. In order to …