Most foodborne pathogens have biofilm‐forming capacity and prefer to grow in the form of
biofilms. Presence of biofilms on food contact surfaces can lead to persistence of pathogens …

Since 2013, Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al. has been reported to infect several hosts and to be
present in different areas of Europe. The main damage has been inflicted on the olive …

Extensive antibiotic use increases the environmental presence of their residues and may
accelerate the development of antibiotic resistance, although this remains poorly understood …

The long granulation time and instability of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) have restricted its
large-scale application significantly. The objective of this review is to discuss the recent …

Gram-negative bacteria depend on their cell membranes for survival and environmental
adaptation. They contain two membranes, one of which is the outer membrane (OM), which …

Xylella fastidiosa is a Gram‐negative bacterial plant pathogen with an extremely wide host
range. This species has recently been resolved into subspecies that correlate with host …

Covering: 2009 to 2021 Antimicrobial resistance is now rising to dangerously high levels in
all parts of the world, threatening the treatment of an ever-increasing range of infectious …

The ubiquitous divalent cations magnesium and calcium are important nutrients required by
bacteria for growth and cell maintenance. Multi-faceted roles are shown both in bacterial …

Calcium (Ca2+) has an important structural role in guaranteeing the integrity of the outer
lipopolysaccharide layer and cell walls of bacterial cells. Extracellular DNA (eDNA) being …

Bacteria in natural and artificial environments often reside in self-organized, integrated
communities known as biofilms. Biofilms are highly structured entities consisting of bacterial …