Abstract In 1966, Howard Roffwarg proposed the ontogenic sleep hypothesis, relating
neural plasticity and development to rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, a hypothesis that …

Premature birth is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the pediatric population.
Because their immune, gastrointestinal and nervous systems are not fully developed …

The neurotransmitter GABA and its receptors assume essential functions during fetal and
postnatal brain development. The last trimester of a human pregnancy and early postnatal …

Cognitive and behavioral disabilities in preterm infants, even without obvious brain injury on
conventional neuroimaging, underscores a critical need to identify the subtle underlying …

Abstract Proton (1 H) Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive tool
capable of quantifying brain metabolite concentrations in vivo. Prioritization of …

Preterm birth is associated with poor long-term neurodevelopmental and behavioral
outcomes, even in the absence of obvious brain injury at the time of birth. In particular …

Balance between inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitter systems and the protective role
of the major antioxidant glutathione (GSH) are central to early healthy brain development …

Developmental changes in GABAergic and glutamatergic systems during frontal lobe
development have been hypothesized to play a key role in neurodevelopmental disorders …

Background Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is associated with cognitive-behavioral
deficits in very preterm (VPT) infants, often in the absence of structural brain injury …

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate system
disruptions may underlie neonatal brain injury. However, in vivo investigations are …