Artificial muscles are the core components of the smart and interactive soft robotic systems,
providing the capabilities in shape morphing, manipulation, and mobility. Intense research …

The area of artificial muscle is a highly interdisciplinary field of research that has evolved
rapidly in the last 30 years. Recent advances in nanomaterial fabrication and …

Future robots and intelligent systems will autonomously navigate in unstructured
environments and closely collaborate with humans; integrated with our bodies and minds …

Soft robotic systems are well suited to unstructured, dynamic tasks and environments, owing
to their ability to adapt and conform without damaging themselves or their surroundings …

Conspectus Creating an artificial muscle has been one of the grand challenges of science
and engineering. The invention of such a flexible, versatile, and power efficient actuator …

Soft crawling robots have attracted great attention due to their anticipated effective
interactions with humans and uncertain environments, as well as their potential capabilities …

Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) are soft electromechanical devices that exhibit large
energy densities and fast actuation rates. They are typically produced by planar methods …

Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) are flexible lightweight actuators that can generate
strains of over 100%. They are used in applications ranging from haptic feedback (mm-sized …

In the past decade, the development of theory has deeply revealed the electromechanical
coupling deformation mechanism of dielectric elastomer (DE). Many theoretical predictions …

Dielectric elastomer (DE) actuators are popularly referred to as artificial muscles because
their impressive actuation strain and speed, low density, compliant nature, and silent …