The HIV evolutionary processes continuously unfold, leaving a measurable footprint in viral
gene sequences. A variety of statistical models and inference techniques have been …

In the last three decades, extensive research on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has
highlighted its capability to exploit a variety of strategies to enter and infect immune cells …

RNA viruses provide unique insights into the patterns and processes of evolutionary change
in real time. The study of viral evolution is especially topical given the growing awareness …

The evolutionary dynamics of HIV during the chronic phase of infection is driven by the host
immune response and by selective pressures exerted through drug treatment. To …

ABSTRACT HIV infection is characterized by rapid and error-prone viral replication resulting
in genetically diverse virus populations. The rate of accumulation of diversity and the …

The most consistent result in more than two decades of experimental evolution is that the
fitness of populations adapting to a constant environment does not increase indefinitely, but …

Upon HIV transmission, some patients develop AIDS in only a few months, while others
remain disease free for 20 or more years. This variation in the rate of disease progression is …

Fitness epistasis, the interaction among alleles at different loci in their effects on fitness, has
potentially important consequences for adaptive evolution. We investigated fitness epistasis …

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) population is characterised by extensive genetic
variability that results from high error and recombination rates of the reverse transcription …

A simple nonparameteric test for population structure was applied to temporally spaced
samples of HIV-1 sequences from the gag-pol region within two chronically infected …