In the present study, we investigate the roles of fear, refuge and hunting cooperation on the
dynamics of a predator–prey system, where the predator population is subject to harvesting …

In this article, we study the dynamics of a three species food chain model for a predator–prey
system with hunting cooperation in predators; due to fear of predation risk, prey population …

The paper focuses on studying the global dynamics of a simple prey–predator model. The
model incorporates cooperative hunting behavior among predators and takes into account …

This paper proposes and studies the dynamics of a Holling-type II predator–prey interaction
system that incorporates the following three components:(1) a prey refuge;(2) predation fear …

Study of a food chain model under uncertainty is quite difficult. Because, in an uncertain food
chain model, the biological parameters can't be determined accurately. The aim of this work …

A predator–prey model with infection in the prey population, including fear, refuge and
harvesting factors, is proposed. An expression for basic reproduction number is obtained …

The predator–prey models with hunting cooperation have a great significance in ecology.
Hunting cooperation by predators represents more realism in an ecological environment …

The prey–predator interaction between organisms living in an ecosystem is greatly affected
by the cooperation among the species as well as immature prey refuge in presence of time …

Fear of predation may assert privilege to prey species by restricting their exposure to
potential predators, meanwhile it can also impose costs by constraining the exploration of …

In ecological systems, the fear of predation risk may assert privilege to the prey species by
restricting their exposure to potential predators, and also impose costs by constraining the …