The lignin biosynthetic pathway has been studied for more than a century but has
undergone major revisions over the past decade. Significant progress has been made in …

Lignins are complex natural polymers resulting from oxidative coupling of, primarily, 4-
hydroxyphenylpropanoids. An understanding of their nature is evolving as a result of …

Lignin is a major component of plant secondary cell walls. Here we describe caffeoyl
shikimate esterase (CSE) as an enzyme central to the lignin biosynthetic pathway …

The chemical complexity of lignin remains a major challenge for lignin valorization into
commodity and fine chemicals. A knowledge of the lignin features that favor its valorization …

Metabolomics or the large-scale phytochemical analysis of plants is reviewed in relation to
functional genomics and systems biology. A historical account of the introduction and …

Hydroxycinnamates incorporate into lignins by various mechanisms. The polysaccharide
esters of ferulate, in particular, and the range of dehydrodiferulates and higher oligomers in …

Over the past four decades, there has been immense progress in every area of lignin
science, ranging from the enzymology of lignin biodegradation, to the delignification of wood …

The phytohormone auxin plays critical roles during plant growth, many of which are
mediated by the auxin response transcription factor (ARF) family. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) …

Lignin, one of the most abundant terrestrial biopolymers, is indispensable for plant structure
and defense. With the availability of the full genome sequence, large collections of insertion …

Lignin engineering is an attractive strategy to improve lignocellulosic biomass quality for
processing to biofuels and other bio-based products. However, lignin engineering also …