We have reviewed the literature and have identified more than 100 diseases or conditions
that are associated with raised concentrations of plasma total homocysteine. The …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating neurodegenerative disease with lesions involving
the central nervous system. Clinical symptoms consist of disturbances in motor activity (eg …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system
characterized by focal or diffuse inflammation, demyelination, axonal loss and …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifactorial, central nervous system, immune-mediated disease
characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. Evidence suggests a …

The exact etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) remains unclear. Some evidence supports
Helicobacter pylori infection as a trigger or driving event, but detection and eradication of H …

Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are a broad range of disorders which are characterized by long-
term inflammation and tissue damage arising from an immune response against one's own …

Background The etiologies of chronic neurological diseases, which heavily contribute to
global disease burden, remain far from elucidated. Despite available umbrella reviews on …

Objective Multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with cognitive impairment (CI) such as
slowed information processing speed (IPS). Currently, no immunocellular or molecular …

Elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level, known as hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) has
been linked to different systemic and neurological diseases, well-known as a risk factor for …

Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common demyelinating disease of the central
nervous system. Although the exact pathogenesis remains unknown, the leading theory is …