Bacteria and their viruses have coevolved for billions of years. This ancient and still ongoing
arms race has led bacteria to develop a vast antiphage arsenal. The development of high …

Host defense against viral pathogens is an essential function for all living organisms. In cell-
intrinsic innate immunity, dedicated sensor proteins recognize molecular signatures of …

Highlights•Many antiphage systems trigger regulated death of the infected cell.•Regulated
cell death protects the nearby population from the spread of infection.•Over 70% of …

Bacteria defend against phage infection through a variety of antiphage defence systems.
Many defence systems were recently shown to deplete cellular nicotinamide adenine …

Several immune pathways in humans conjugate ubiquitin-like proteins to virus and host
molecules as a means of antiviral defence,,,–. Here we studied an antiphage defence …

Bacteria have evolved a wide array of mechanisms that allow them to eliminate phage
infection.'Abortive infection'(abi) systems are an expanding category of such mechanisms …

The Gabija complex is a prokaryotic antiviral system consisting of the GajA and GajB
proteins. GajA was identified as a DNA nicking endonuclease but the functions of GajB and …

Prokaryotes have evolved a multitude of defense systems to protect against phage
predation. Some of these resemble eukaryotic genes involved in antiviral responses. Here …

Pathogens are ubiquitous and a constant threat to their hosts, which has led to the evolution
of sophisticated immune systems in bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes. Bacterial immune …

Immune defence mechanisms exist across the tree of life in such diversity that prokaryotic
antiviral responses have historically been considered unrelated to eukaryotic immunity …