Oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) have substantial effects on the global ecology and
biogeochemical processes of marine microbes. However, the diversity and activity of OMZ …

The water mass transformation (WMT) framework weaves together circulation,
thermodynamics, and biogeochemistry into a description of the ocean that complements …

Mesoscale ocean eddies, an important element of the climate system, impact ocean
circulation, heat uptake, gas exchange, carbon sequestration and nutrient transport. Much of …

A long-standing challenge in oceanography is the observing, modeling, and prediction of
vertical transport, which links the sunlit and atmospherically mediated surface boundary …

Diapycnal mixing shapes the distribution of climatically important tracers, such as heat and
carbon, as these are carried by dense water masses in the ocean interior. Here, we analyze …

In frontal zones, water masses that are tens of kilometers in extent with origins in the mixed
layer can be identified in the pycnocline for days to months. Here, we explore the pathways …

The strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, a key indicator of the climate
state, is maintained by the subduction of dense water that feeds the deep southwards …

Stirring in the neutral (ie, isopycnal) direction drives isopycnal mixing, which acts to
homogenise tracers along the neutral plane. Isopycnal mixing does not directly enter the …

This manuscript presents an overview of NASA's EXport Processes in the Ocean from
Remote Sensing 2021 Field Campaign in the North Atlantic (EXPORTS NA) and provides …

Subglacial discharge from the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) likely played a crucial role in the loss
of the ice sheet and the subsequent rise in sea level during the last deglaciation. However …