Three-dimensional transformations of light fields were investigated, including such
characteristics as intensity distribution and polarisation state, in the focal region at tight …

The superposition of a Gaussian mode and a Laguerre-Gauss mode with ℓ= 0, p≠ 0
generates the so-called bottle beam: a dark focus surrounded by a bright region. In this …

This study presents a comprehensive theoretical investigation into the focusing properties of
azimuthally polarized Laguerre–Gaussian vortex (APLGV) beams when interacting with …

A new type of off‐axis and multi optical bottle (OB) from an astigmatic‐phase ring Airy
Gaussian vortex beam (APRAGVB) propagating in free space is derived numerically. By …

We investigate the formation of single and multiple optical bottle beams on the optical axis
using a diffractive axicon with amplitude or phase apodization. The proposed approach …

A procedure for computing the phase transmission function of diffractive optical elements
intended to form an array of optical bottle beams is proposed and studied. The procedure is …

We propose a method to generate an optical cage using azimuthal-and radial-variant vector
beams in a high numerical aperture optical system. A new kind of vector beam that has …

The generation of three-dimensional tunable vector optical cages through full polarization
modulation requires complex polarization states. This paper takes the vector Airy optical …

We present a method to generate multiple three-dimensional (3D) dark focal spots along the
optical axis by focusing a cylindrical vector beam. The formation of uniform 3D dark spots is …

The theoretical analyses in this paper show that a highly focused double-ring radially
polarized Laguerre–Gaussian beam with a topological charge of 1 (R-LG_11) can generate …