Protein engineering often targets binding pockets or active sites which are enriched in
epistasis—nonadditive interactions between amino acid substitutions—and where the …

Resistance to antibiotics is a public health crisis. Although carbapenems are less
susceptible to resistance than other β-lactam antibiotics, β-lactamases mediating resistance …

Abstract β-lactams have been the most successful antibiotics, but the rise of multi-drug
resistant (MDR) bacteria threatens their effectiveness. Serine β-lactamases (SBLs), among …

Hydrolytic enzymes, such as lactamases or hydantoinases, can be valuably applied to
convert lactams (cyclic amides) and cyclic imides into optically pure compounds, for …

Directed evolution (DE) is a powerful tool to optimize protein fitness for a specific application.
However, DE can be inefficient when mutations exhibit non-additive, or epistatic, behavior …

Aromatic d-amino acids (d-AAs) play a pivotal role as important chiral building blocks and
key intermediates in fine chemical and drug synthesis. Meso-diaminopimelate …

Biocatalysis is a rapidly evolving field with increasing impact in organic synthesis, chemical
manufacturing and medicine. The Faraday Discussion reflected the current state of …

How epistasis hinders or facilitates movement on fitness landscapes has been a
longstanding question of interest. Several high throughput experiments have demonstrated …

The release of antibiotic compounds into wastewater constitutes a significant and growing
health and environmental hazard, particularly contributing to the spread of antibiotic …