Antarctic ice sheet (AIS) mass loss is predominantly driven by increased solid ice discharge,
but its variability is governed by surface processes. Snowfall fluctuations control the surface …

The development of parameterizations is a major task in the development of weather and
climate models. Model improvement has been slow in the past decades, due to the difficulty …

Firn (compressed snow) covers approximately 90% of the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) and
currently retains about half of rain and meltwater through refreezing, reducing runoff and …

The response of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) to a warmer climate is uncertain on long
time scales. Climate models, such as those participating in the Coupled Model …

The net direct radiative effect of mineral dust is a large uncertainty in global radiative forcing.
To address this challenge, NASA's Earth Mineral dust source InvesTigation (EMIT) will map …

Icelandic glaciers have been losing mass since the Little Ice Age in the mid‐to‐late 1800s,
with higher mass loss rates in the early 21st century, followed by a slowdown since 2011. As …

A discrepancy of up to 5 orders of magnitude between ice crystal and ice nucleating particle
(INP) number concentrations was found in the measurements, indicating the potentially …

Numerical computer models play a key role in Earth science. They are used to make
predictions on timescales ranging from short-range weather forecasts to multi-century …

Land‐atmosphere interactions are central to the evolution of the atmospheric boundary layer
and the subsequent formation of clouds and precipitation. Existing global climate models …

We develop a doubly periodic version of the Simple Convection‐Permitting E3SM
Atmosphere Model (SCREAM) to provide an efficient configuration for this global convection …