Virtual Reality (VR) emerges as a promising technology capable of creating different
scenarios in which the body, environment, and brain are closely related, proving …

The present article provides a historical review of the place and response learning plus-
maze tasks with a focus on the behavioral and neurobiological findings. The article begins …

(1) Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD), an age-progressive neurodegenerative disease
that affects cognitive function, causes changes in the functional connectivity of the default …

Spatial navigation is a basic function for survival, and the ability to retrace a route has direct
relevance for avoiding dangerous places. This study investigates the effects of aversive …

There are known individual differences in both the ability to learn the layout of novel
environments and the flexibility of strategies for navigating known environments. However, it …

Spatial navigation is an important aspect of everyday life but may be negatively impacted by
both cognitive and affective load. Cognitive and affective load may be measured via …

Goal-directed behavior requires adaptive systems that respond to environmental demands.
In the absence of threat (or presence of reward), individuals can explore many behavioral …

Orienting in space requires the processing of visual spatial cues. The dominant hypothesis
about the brain structures mediating the coding of spatial cues stipulates the existence of a …

Stress and the Nature of Remembering: Page 1 Stress and the Nature of Remembering:
How Stress and Stress Mediators alter the Contribution of Multiple Memory Systems to …

Humans stand alone as the sole extant species able to flexibly and effectively respond to
virtually any environmental condition or threat, resulting in dominance over most …