Pathogenic and opportunistic free-living amoebae: Acanthamoeba spp., Balamuthia mandrillaris, Naegleria fowleri, and Sappinia diploidea

GS Visvesvara, H Moura… - FEMS Immunology & …, 2007 - academic.oup.com
Among the many genera of free-living amoebae that exist in nature, members of only four
genera have an association with human disease: Acanthamoeba spp., Balamuthia …

Free-living amoebae as opportunistic and non-opportunistic pathogens of humans and animals

FL Schuster, GS Visvesvara - International journal for parasitology, 2004 - Elsevier
Knowledge that free-living amoebae are capable of causing human disease dates back
some 50 years, prior to which time they were regarded as harmless soil organisms or, at …

Acanthamoeba keratitis: confirmation of the UK outbreak and a prospective case-control study identifying contributing risk factors

N Carnt, JJ Hoffman, S Verma, S Hau… - British Journal of …, 2018 - bjo.bmj.com
Background/aims Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is a chronic debilitating corneal infection
principally affecting contact lens (CL) users. Studies were designed to test claims that the UK …

Acanthamoeba keratitis: diagnosis and treatment update 2009

JKG Dart, VPJ Saw, S Kilvington - American journal of ophthalmology, 2009 - Elsevier
PURPOSE: To describe the current management of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). DESIGN:
A perspective based on the literature and author experience. RESULTS: Early diagnosis …

Update on Acanthamoeba keratitis: diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes

NJR Maycock, R Jayaswal - Cornea, 2016 - journals.lww.com
Results: Acanthamoeba is a ubiquitous protozoan: 8 species, 5 genotypic classes have
been reported to cause keratitis. It is potentially a sight-threatening infection, and there is …

Molecular survey of the occurrence of Legionella spp., Mycobacterium spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and amoeba hosts in two chloraminated drinking water …

H Wang, M Edwards, JO Falkinham III… - Applied and …, 2012 - Am Soc Microbiol
The spread of opportunistic pathogens via public water systems is of growing concern. The
purpose of this study was to identify patterns of occurrence among three opportunistic …

Free-living amoebae and their intracellular pathogenic microorganisms: risks for water quality

V Thomas, G McDonnell, SP Denyer… - FEMS microbiology …, 2010 - academic.oup.com
An increasing number of microorganisms, including bacteria but also viruses and
eukaryotes, have been described as benefiting from interaction with free-living amoebae …

Risk factors for moderate and severe microbial keratitis in daily wear contact lens users

F Stapleton, K Edwards, L Keay, T Naduvilath… - Ophthalmology, 2012 - Elsevier
OBJECTIVE: To establish risk factors for moderate and severe microbial keratitis among
daily contact lens (CL) wearers in Australia. DESIGN: A prospective, 12-month, population …

Do free-living amoebae in treated drinking water systems present an emerging health risk?

JM Thomas, NJ Ashbolt - Environmental science & technology, 2011 - ACS Publications
There is an expanding body of evidence that free-living amoebae (FLA) increase both the
numbers and virulence of water-based, human-pathogenic, amoeba-resisting …

Effect of Disinfectant, Water Age, and Pipe Material on Occurrence and Persistence of Legionella, mycobacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Two Amoebas

H Wang, S Masters, Y Hong, J Stallings… - … science & technology, 2012 - ACS Publications
Opportunistic pathogens represent a unique challenge because they establish and grow
within drinking water systems, yet the factors stimulating their proliferation are largely …