OX40 (CD134) and its binding partner, OX40L (CD252), are members of the tumor necrosis
factor receptor/tumor necrosis factor superfamily and are expressed on activated CD4+ and …

Cell‐surface receptors acquire information from the extracellular environment and
coordinate intracellular responses. Many receptors do not operate as individual entities, but …

How and when memory T cells form during an immune response are long-standing
questions. To better understand memory CD8 T cell development, a time course of gene …

GM1 ganglioside occurs widely in vertebrate tissues, where it exhibits many essential
functions, both in the plasma membrane and intracellular loci. Its essentiality is revealed in …

Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) exhibit a variety of functions in cellular differentiation and
interaction. Also, they are known to play a role as receptors in pathogen invasion. A less well …

A recent study reported on an anti-CD19/anti-CD3 singlechain bispecific antibody
(bscCD19xCD3) exhibiting high activity against human B lymphoma cell lines (Löffler et al …

The cells of both the adaptive and innate immune systems express a dizzying array of
receptors that transduce and integrate an enormous amount of information about the …

Membrane protein organization is essential for proper cellular functioning and the result of a
dynamic exchange between protein monomers, nanoscale protein clusters, and microscale …

The regulation of lymphocyte homeostasis is critical for the development and formation of
productive immune responses. Cell numbers must be maintained to allow sufficient numbers …

Combinatorial association of different lipid species generates microheterogeneity in
biological membranes. The association of glycosphingolipids with cholesterol forms …