The initiation and maintenance of reproductive capacity in humans is dependent on pulsatile
secretion of the hypothalamic hormone GnRH. Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism …

The signaling component of the mammalian Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) family is
comprised of eighteen secreted proteins that interact with four signaling tyrosine kinase FGF …

Although base editors are widely used to install targeted point mutations, the factors that
determine base editing outcomes are not well understood. We characterized sequence …

Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) is a rare disorder caused by the
deficient production, secretion or action of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which …

Anosmia and hyposmia, the inability or decreased ability to smell, is estimated to afflict 3–
20% of the population. Risk of olfactory dysfunction increases with old age and may also …

The hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis is of relevance in many processes related to the
development, maturation and ageing of the male. Through this axis, a cascade of …

Clefts of the lip and/or palate (CLP) are common birth defects of complex aetiology. CLP can
occur in isolation or as part of a broad range of chromosomal, Mendelian or teratogenic …

Orofacial clefts (OFCs) rank as the second most common congenital birth defect in the
United States after Down syndrome and are the most common head and neck congenital …

Orofacial clefts are common birth defects and can occur as isolated, nonsyndromic events or
as part of Mendelian syndromes. There is substantial phenotypic diversity in individuals with …

Procreation is essential for survival of species. Not surprisingly, complex neuronal networks
have evolved to mediate the diverse internal and external environmental inputs that regulate …