This review describes interactions between compounds, primarily dihydropyridines, that
block L-type calcium channels and drugs that cause dependence, and the potential …

Fruit flies of the genus Drosophila have been an attractive and effective genetic model
organism since Thomas Hunt Morgan and colleagues made seminal discoveries with them …

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) exacts an immense toll on individuals, families, and society.
Genetic factors determine up to 60% of an individual's risk of developing problematic alcohol …

Background Despite the profound clinical significance and strong heritability of alcohol use
disorder (AUD), we do not yet have a comprehensive understanding of the naturally …

Drugs of abuse, like alcohol, modulate gene expression in reward circuits and consequently
alter behavior. However, the in vivo cellular mechanisms through which alcohol induces …

Our understanding of the networks of genes and protein functions involved in Alcohol Use
Disorder (AUD) remains incomplete, as do the mechanisms by which these networks lead to …

Our understanding of alcohol use disorder (AUD), particularly alcohol's effects on the
nervous system, has unquestionably benefited from the use of model systems such as …

The effects of alcohol on society can be devastating, both as an immediate consequence of
acute intoxication and as a powerful drug of abuse. However, the neurocellular mechanisms …

Despite the enormous harms of alcohol use disorders (AUDs), many mechanisms, as well
as effective prevention or treatment strategies remain elusive. Genetic factors dictate a …

Crayfish are capable of two rapid, escape reflexes that are mediated by two pairs of giant
interneurons, the lateral giants (LG) and the medial giants (MG), which respond to threats …