Myocardial and vascular endothelial tissues have receptors for thyroid hormones and are
sensitive to changes in the concentrations of circulating thyroid hormones. The importance …

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element that is necessary for various metabolic
processes, including protection against oxidative stress, and proper cardiovascular function …

Thyroid hormone (TH) is required for normal development as well as regulating metabolism
in the adult. The thyroid hormone receptor (TR) isoforms, α and β, are differentially …

The skeleton is an exquisitely sensitive and archetypal T3-target tissue that demonstrates
the critical role for thyroid hormones during development, linear growth, and adult bone …

Background: A number of recent advances in our understanding of thyroid physiology may
shed light on why some patients feel unwell while taking levothyroxine monotherapy. The …

Thyroid hormone (TH) molecules enter cells via membrane transporters and, depending on
the cell type, can be activated (ie, T4 to T3 conversion) or inactivated (ie, T3 to 3, 3′-diiodo-l …

Iodothyronine deiodinases (DIO) are a family of selenoproteins controlling systemic and
local availability of the major thyroid hormone l-thyroxine (T4), a prohormone secreted by the …

Thyroid hormones have long been known to have a range of effects on the cardiovascular
system. However, significant knowledge gaps exist concerning the precise molecular and …

Thyroid hormone (TH) signaling is strictly regulated by iodothyronine deiodinase activity,
which both preserves the circulating levels of the biologically active triiodothyronine (T3) and …

The iodothyronine deiodinases initiate or terminate thyroid hormone action and therefore
are critical for the biological effects mediated by thyroid hormone. Over the years, research …