Within the first few days of life, humans are colonized by commensal intestinal microbiota.
Here, we review recent findings showing that microbiota are important in normal healthy …

Background: Cognitive dysfunction is often present in major depressive disorder (MDD).
Several clinical trials have noted a pro-cognitive effect of antidepressants in MDD. The …

Microorganisms can be found in virtually any environment. In humans, the largest collection
of microorganisms is found in the gut ecosystem. The adult gut microbiome consists of more …

A thorough understanding of the cognitive effects of antidepressant medications is essential
given their frequency of use. This meta-analysis was conducted to investigate whether …

Macrophages and their counterparts in the central nervous system, the microglia, detect and
subsequently clear microbial pathogens and injured tissue. These phagocytic cells alter and …

Aim There may be a link between disruption to the gut microbiota in early life and later
neurocognitive outcomes. We hypothesised that antibiotic use in early life is associated with …

Major depression is a debilitating and recurrent disorder with a substantial lifetime risk and a
high social cost. Depressed patients generally display co-morbid symptoms, and depression …

Basic and clinical studies provide convincing evidence that altered stress hormone
regulation frequently observed in depression and anxiety are caused by elevated secretion …

BACKGROUND: Exaggerated corticotropin (ACTH) and cortisol response to the combined
dexamethasone (DEX)/corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) test, indicating impaired …

BackgroundHypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function, as variously measured by
the responses to the combined dexamethasone/corticotrophin-releasing hormone …