Geographic information system (GIS) data provide geospatial data on cities and spatial
analysis functions that are essential for urban design. Building information modeling (BIM) …

Efficient project delivery in the context of contemporary construction management is
dependent on large volumes of data. However, due to pertinent challenges underlying …

The architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry is experiencing a
technological revolution driven by booming digitisation and automation. Advances in …

Facility managers usually conduct reactive maintenance or preventive maintenance
strategies in building maintenance management. However, there are some limitations that …

A digital twin (DT) refers to a digital replica of physical assets, processes, and systems. DTs
integrate artificial intelligence, machine learning, and data analytics to create living digital …

Effective asset management plays a significant role in delivering the functionality and
serviceability of buildings. However, there is a lack of efficient strategies and comprehensive …

Abstract Building Information Modelling (BIM) and off-site construction (OSC) are
increasingly applied in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry due to …

Rapid advancement of technology continues to leverage change and innovation in the
construction industry. Continued digitization of the industry offers the opportunity to totally …

With the development of digital city and smart city construction, the City Information Model
(CIM) has played a critical role as a container of spatial–temporal data to establish the …

Building information modelling (BIM) and geographical information systems (GIS) provide
digital representation of architectural and environmental entities. BIM focuses on micro-level …