Energy economists have long argued that energy systems need to be adaptable in the face
of shocks. In the early twentieth century, Denmark embodied the opposite, with its industry …

We consider the impact of non-violent religious conflict on firm-level productivity. We zoom in
on a Protestant and otherwise very homogeneous country: early twentieth century Denmark …

'Upper tail knowledge', embodied by knowledge elites, has been suggested to be a driving
force of industrialization and development, yet measuring it remains problematic. Despite …

We consider the impact of religiosity on productivity during a period of industrialization, and
zoom in on a Protestant and otherwise very homogeneous country: early twentieth century …

The cultural assimilation of immigrants into the host society is often equated with potential
economic success, with religion sometimes seen as a barrier. We investigate the role of …

Abstract “Upper tail knowledge”, embodied by knowledge elites, has been suggested to be a
driving force of industrialization and development, yet measuring it remains problematic …

Improving the living conditions for future generations is a shared goal that transcends
political boundaries. However, finding the path to prosperity remains a formidable challenge …