Visual opsin genes expressed in the rod and cone photoreceptor cells of the retina are core
components of the visual sensory system of vertebrates. Here, we provide an overview of the …

Among vertebrates, teleost eye diversity exceeds that found in all other groups. Their
spectral sensitivities range from ultraviolet to red, and the number of visual pigments varies …

Vertebrate rod and cone photoreceptors detect light via a specialized organelle called the
outer segment. This structure is packed with light-sensitive molecules known as visual …

Crop pest management is a global challenge. Increases in agricultural intensity due to
anthropogenic demands, alongside the need to reduce the reliance on pesticides to …

Visual adaptations can stem from variations in amino acid composition, chromophore
utilization, and differential opsin gene expression levels, enabling individuals to adjust their …

Sillago sihama, commonly known as silver sillago, is considered as an economically
important fish species in China. It is sensitive to hypoxia stress in the larval stage, and the …

The family Cichlidae contains approximately 2000 species that live in diverse freshwater
habitats including murky lakes, turbid rivers, and clear lakes from both the Old and New …

Peacock bass (Cichla spp.) originates from the Neotropical environments of Brazil and
Venezuela but, through trade and smuggling for aquarium keeping, sport fishing and …

The visual system of vertebrates has greatly contributed to our understanding of how
different molecular mechanisms shape adaptive phenotypic diversity. Extensive work on …

Vision represents an excellent model for studying adaptation, given the genotype‐to‐
phenotype map that has been characterized in a number of taxa. Fish possess a diverse …