The ability to adapt to altered availability of free water is a fundamental property of living
cells. The principles underlying osmoadaptation are well conserved. The yeast …

An appropriate response and adaptation to hyperosmolarity, ie., an external osmolarity that
is higher than the physiological range, can be a matter of life or death for all cells. It is …

Phosphotransfer-mediated signaling pathways allow cells to sense and respond to
environmental stimuli. Autophosphorylating histidine protein kinases provide phosphoryl …

Two-component signal transduction systems enable bacteria to sense, respond, and adapt
to a wide range of environments, stressors, and growth conditions. In the prototypical two …

Two-component signal transduction systems are the predominant means by which bacteria
sense and respond to environmental stimuli. Bacteria often employ tens or hundreds of …

The construction of synthetic cell-cell communication networks can improve our quantitative
understanding of naturally occurring signaling pathways and enhance our capabilities to …

The x-ray crystal structure of the P1 or H domain of the Salmonella CheA protein has been
solved at 2.1-Å resolution. The structure is composed of an up-down up-down four-helix …

The histidine phosphotransfer (HPt) protein Ypd1 is an important participant in the
Saccharomyces cerevisiae multistep two-component signal transduction pathway and …

The multistep phosphorelay (MSP) is a central signaling pathway in plants integrating a
wide spectrum of hormonal and environmental inputs and controlling numerous …

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the histidine-containing phosphotransfer (HPt) protein YPD1
transfers phosphoryl groups between the three different response regulator domains of …