The cell-autonomous innate immune system enables animal cells to resist viral infection.
This system comprises an array of sensors that, after detecting viral molecules, activate the …

Besides its role as the blueprint of life, DNA can also alert the cell to the presence of
microbial pathogens as well as damaged or malignant cells. A major sensor of DNA that …

Host defense against viral pathogens is an essential function for all living organisms. In cell-
intrinsic innate immunity, dedicated sensor proteins recognize molecular signatures of …

DNA binding allosterically activates the cytosolic DNA sensor cGAS (cyclic GMP-AMP
[cGAMP] synthase) to synthesize 2′ 3′-cGAMP, using Mg 2+ as the metal cofactor that …

Summary Cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS) recognition of cytosolic DNA is critical for
immune responses to pathogen replication, cellular stress, and cancer. Existing structures of …

Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP)-adenosine monophosphate (AMP)(cGAMP)
synthase (cGAS), along with the adaptor stimulator of interferon genes (STING), are crucial …

Cyclic oligonucleotide-based antiphage signaling system (CBASS) immunity is a
widespread form of antiphage defense in bacteria and archaea. Each CBASS operon …

Detection of foreign nucleic acids is an important strategy for innate immune recognition of
pathogens. In vertebrates, pathogen-derived DNA is sensed in the cytosol by cGAS, which …

In humans, the cGAS-STING immunity pathway signals in response to cytosolic DNA via 2′,
3′ cGAMP, a cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) second messenger containing mixed 2′–5′ and …

The innate immune system functions as the first line of defense against invading bacteria
and viruses. In this context, the cGAS/STING [cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP) …