The transformative success of antibodies targeting the PD-1 (programmed death 1)/B7-H1
(B7 homolog 1) pathway (anti-PD therapy) has revolutionized cancer treatment. However …

Proliferating cancer cells rely largely on glutamine for survival and proliferation. Glutamine
serves as a carbon source for the synthesis of lipids and metabolites via the TCA cycle, as …

The balance of programmed death-1 (PD-1)-expressing CD8+ T cells and regulatory T
(Treg) cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) determines the clinical efficacy of PD-1 …

Cancer has myriad effects on metabolism that include both rewiring of intracellular
metabolism to enable cancer cells to proliferate inappropriately and adapt to the tumor …

The immune-inflammatory response is associated with increased nitro-oxidative stress. The
aim of this mechanistic review is to examine:(a) the role of redox-sensitive transcription …

Several non-redundant features of the tumour microenvironment facilitate
immunosuppression and limit anticancer immune responses. These include physical …

The natural mammalian polyamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine are essential for
both normal and neoplastic cell function and replication. Dysregulation of metabolism of …

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of
cancer-related death worldwide. Countless CRC patients undergo disease progression. As …

Cells metabolize nutrients for biosynthetic and bioenergetic needs to fuel growth and
proliferation. The uptake of nutrients from the environment and their intracellular metabolism …

Cytotoxic CD8+ T cells play a key role in the elimination of intracellular infections and
malignant cells and can provide long-term protective immunity. In the response to infection …