Microparticles represent a heterogeneous population of vesicles with a diameter of 100 to
1000 nm that are released by budding of the plasma membrane and express antigens …

Pro-angiogenic bone marrow (BM) cells include subsets of hematopoietic cells that provide
vascular support and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which under certain permissive …

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid that is critically involved in the
embryonic development of the cardiovascular and central nervous systems. In the adult, S1P …

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), two of the best-studied
lysophospholipids, are known to influence diverse biological events, including organismal …

Angiogenesis is initiated in response to a variety of external cues, including mechanical and
biochemical stimuli; however, the underlying signaling mechanisms remain unclear. Here …

Cell therapy is a promising option for treating ischemic diseases and heart failure. Adult
stem and progenitor cells from various sources have experimentally been shown to augment …

Background—Angiogenic early outgrowth cells (EOCs) have been reported to contribute to
endothelial regeneration and to limit neointima formation after vascular injury. Vascular …

Renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) contributes to the development of ischemic acute renal
failure (ARF). Multi-factorial processes are involved in the development and progression of …

Abstract Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a lipid mediator produced from sphingomyelin
by the sequential enzymatic actions of sphingomyelinase, ceramidase, and sphingosine …

Endothelial cells play significant roles in conditioning tissues after injury by the production
and secretion of angiocrine factors. At least two distinct subsets of monocytes, CD45+ …