Although it has been known for almost half a century that migratory birds can detect the
direction of the Earth's magnetic field, the primary sensory mechanism behind this …

Over more than a century of research has established the fact that sleep benefits the
retention of memory. In this review we aim to comprehensively cover the field of “sleep and …

INTRODUCTION For more than a century, the avian forebrain has been a riddle for
neuroscientists. Birds demonstrate exceptional cognitive abilities comparable to those of …

Some birds achieve primate-like levels of cognition, even though their brains tend to be
much smaller in absolute size. This poses a fundamental problem in comparative and …

All animals evaluate the salience of external stimuli and integrate them with internal
physiological information into adaptive behavior. Natural and sexual selection impinge on …

A longstanding issue in biology is whether the intelligence of animals can be predicted by
absolute or relative brain size. However, progress has been hampered by an insufficient …

Discussions of the evolution of intelligence have focused on monkeys and apes because of
their close evolutionary relationship to humans. Other large-brained social animals, such as …

Reconstructing the evolution of brain information-processing capacity is paramount for
understanding the rise of complex cognition. Comparative studies of brain evolution typically …

Publisher Summary Environmental noise can affect acoustic communication through limiting
the broadcast area, or active space, of a signal by decreasing signal-to-noise ratios at the …

Assumptions on the neural basis of cognition usually focus on cortical mechanisms. Birds
have no cortex, but recent studies in parrots and corvids show that their cognitive skills are …