Understanding how chromatin is folded in the nucleus is fundamental to understanding its
function. Although 3D genome organization has been historically difficult to study owing to a …

The four-dimensional nucleome (4DN) consortium studies the architecture of the genome
and the nucleus in space and time. We summarize progress by the consortium and highlight …

INTRODUCTION Genomes are spatially organized across length scales from single base
pairs to whole chromosomes. This organization is thought to regulate gene expression and …

Recent progress in whole-genome mapping and imaging technologies has enabled the
characterization of the spatial organization and folding of the genome in the nucleus. In …

Diverse cell types in tissues have distinct gene expression programs, chromatin states, and
nuclear architectures. To correlate such multimodal information across thousands of single …

Microscopy and genomic approaches provide detailed descriptions of the three-dimensional
folding of chromosomes and nuclear organization. The fundamental question is how activity …

The 3D organization of chromatin regulates many genome functions. Our understanding of
3D genome organization requires tools to directly visualize chromatin conformation in its …

Mutation of the human genome results in three classes of genomic variation: single
nucleotide variants; short insertions or deletions; and large structural variants (SVs). Some …

Nuclear speckles are dynamic membraneless bodies located in the cell nucleus. They
harbor RNAs and proteins, many of which are splicing factors, that together display complex …

Over a decade ago the advent of high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C)
sparked a new era of 3D genomics. Since then the number of methods for mapping the 3D …