The atmosphere of the Archean eon—one-third of Earth's history—is important for
understanding the evolution of our planet and Earth-like exoplanets. New geological proxies …

A hidden carbon cycle exists inside Earth. Every year, megatons of carbon disappear into
subduction zones, affecting atmospheric carbon dioxide and oxygen over Earth's history …

The balance between photosynthetic organic carbon production and respiration controls
atmospheric composition and climate,. The majority of organic carbon is respired back to …

Mountain building results in high erosion rates and the interaction of rocks with the
atmosphere, water and life. Carbon transfers that result from increased erosion could control …

To avoid dangerous climate change, new technologies must remove billions of tonnes of
CO2 from the atmosphere every year by mid-century. Here we detail a land-based …

Carbon fluxes in subduction zones can be better constrained by including new estimates of
carbon concentration in subducting mantle peridotites, consideration of carbonate solubility …

The rapid increase of carbon dioxide concentration in Earth's modern atmosphere is a
matter of major concern. But for the atmosphere of roughly two-and-half billion years ago …

Shallow-water carbonate sediments constitute the bulk of sedimentary carbonates in the
geologic record and are widely used archives of Earth's chemical and climatic history. One …

The nature of the early martian climate is one of the major unanswered questions of
planetary science. Key challenges remain, but a new wave of orbital and in situ observations …

Carbon geochemistry of mantle-derived samples suggests that the fluxes and reservoir sizes
associated with deep cycle are in the order of 1012–13gC/yr and 1022–23g C, respectively …