As the thymus involutes during aging, the T‐cell pool has to be maintained by the periodic
expansion of preexisting T cells during adulthood. A conundrum is that repeated episodes of …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a prevalent neuroimmunological illness that leads to neurological
disability in young adults. Although the etiology of MS is heterogeneous, it is well …

Background The decline of humoral response to COVID-19 vaccine led to authorise a
booster dose. Here, we characterised the kinetics of B-cell and T-cell immune responses in …

Background and Objectives Clinical onset of multiple sclerosis (MS) after the age of 50 years
is uncommon and associated with a less favorable natural history. The differences in long …

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult-onset progressive neurodegenerative
disorder characterized by the loss of upper and lower motor neurons in the brain and spinal …

The proportion of patients diagnosed with cancer has been shown to rise with the increasing
aging global population. Advanced age is a major risk factor for morbidity and mortality in …

With a rapidly aging global population and improvement of outcomes with newer multiple
sclerosis (MS)-specific disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), the epidemiology of MS has …

Central to the impacts of CD4 T cells, both positive in settings of infectious disease and
cancer and negative in the settings of autoimmunity and allergy, is their ability to differentiate …

The aging of the immune system has recently attracted a lot of attention. Immune
senescence describes changes that the immune system undergoes over time. The …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is most likely to adopt a progressive clinical course during middle
age or beyond, and the number of older adults with MS is steadily increasing. Developing …