A number of hormones and metabolic mediators signal the brain of changes in the body's
energy status and when an imbalance occurs; the brain coordinates the appropriate …

Immune and neuroendocrine systems have bidirectional communications. Growth hormone
(GH) and an orexigenic hormone ghrelin are expressed in various immune cells such as T …

One of the major fundamental causes for the aging of the immune system is the structural
and functional involution of the thymus, and the associated decline in de novo naïve T …

Background Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) can progress to lung and kidney dysfunction,
and blood clotting within 48 hours of its onset, and is associated with a high mortality rate …

The incidence of acute pancreatitis, an inflammation of the pancreas, is increasing
worldwide. Pancreatic injury is mild in 80%-90% of patients who recover without …

Adipose tissue products or adipokines play a major role in chronic endocrine and metabolic
disorders; however, little is known about critical conditions. In this article, the experimental …

Growing scientific evidence has unveiled increased incidences of obesity in domestic
animals and its influence on a plethora of associated disorders. Leptin, an adipokine …

Necrotizing pancreatitis is a severe disease characterized by gland necrosis and a
destructive systemic inflammatory response. Early management involves aggressive …

AIM: To analyze the prognostic value of adipokines in predicting the course, complications
and fatal outcome of acute pancreatitis (AP). METHODS: We performed the search of …

Obesity is clearly an independent risk factor for increased severity of acute pancreatitis (AP),
although the mechanisms underlying this association are unknown. Adipokines (including …