Despite the expanding clinical utility of botulinum neurotoxins, there remain problems to be
solved for attaining the best outcome. The efficacy and safety need to be reconsidered for …

Overt muscle activity and impaired spinal locomotor control hampering coordinated
movement is a hallmark of spasticity and movement disorders like dystonia. While botulinum …

Background: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the effectiveness of botulinum
toxin type A (BoNT-A) in reducing pain associated with fasciitis. By synthesizing the findings …

Objective Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) provides lasting pain relief in patients with
craniofacial pain conditions but the mechanisms of its antinociceptive activity remain …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent joint degenerative disease, resulting in a significant
societal burden. However, there is currently a lack of effective treatment option available …

Botulinum neurotoxins E (BoNT/E) and A (BoNT/A) act by cleaving Synaptosome-Associated
Protein 25 (SNAP25) at two different C-terminal sites, but they display very distinct durations …

Background and purpose: Recent preclinical studies suggest that botulinum toxin type A
(BoNT-A) reduces abnormal muscle tone following its traffic to second order spinal …

L'accident vasculaire cérébral (AVC) est une lésion de l'encéphale qui entraîne une
dérégulation de l'activité corticale lors de la réalisation du mouvement, une altération des …

Methods BoNT-A (Clostridium botulinum type A neurotoxin complex, 5 U/kg, each unit
corresponding to 48 pg toxin complex, Allergan, Irvine, CA, USA) was unilaterally injected …

Patients have turned to cosmetic procedures to enhance their general appearance and
revitalize their skin. Botulinum toxin injections have gained popularity due to their potential …