The plant-specific proteins named PIN-FORMED (PIN) efflux carriers facilitate the direction
of auxin flow and thus play a vital role in the establishment of local auxin maxima within …

It is generally believed that protein secretion or exocytosis is achieved via a conventional ER
(endoplasmic reticulum)–Golgi-TGN (trans-Golgi network)–PM (plasma membrane) pathway …

Abstract Intracellular Na+/H+ antiporters (NHXs) play important roles in cellular pH and Na+
and K+ homeostasis in all eukaryotes. Based on sequence similarity, the six intracellular …

Many virus genomes encode proteases that facilitate infection. The molecular mechanism of
plant recognition of viral proteases is largely unexplored. Using the system of Vigna …

Abstract Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play important roles in intercellular
communication by delivering RNA, lipid, and proteins to neighboring or distant cells …

Plant clathrin-mediated membrane trafficking is involved in many developmental processes
as well as in responses to environmental cues. Previous studies have shown that clathrin …

Protein secretion is an essential process in all eukaryotic cells and its mechanisms have
been extensively studied. Proteins with an N-terminal leading sequence or transmembrane …

The secretion of cell wall polysaccharides through the trans-Golgi network (TGN) is required
for plant cell elongation. However, the components mediating the post-Golgi secretion of …

Multiple steps of plant growth and development rely on rapid cell elongation during which
secretory and endocytic trafficking via the trans-Golgi network (TGN) plays a central role …

Protein S-acylation, commonly known as palmitoylation, is a reversible posttranslational
modification that catalyzes the addition of a saturated lipid group, often palmitate, to the …