With both catalytic and genetic functions, ribonucleic acid (RNA) is perhaps the most
pluripotent chemical species in molecular biology, and its functions are intimately linked to …

Riboswitches are gene control elements that directly bind to specific ligands to regulate
gene expression without the need for proteins. They are found in all three domains of life …

The majority of our human genome transcribes into noncoding RNAs with unknown
structures and functions. Obtaining functional clues for noncoding RNAs requires accurate …

Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a highly abundant
nuclear long noncoding RNA that promotes malignancy. A 3′-stem-loop structure is …

It has been nearly 63 years since the first characterization of an RNA triple helix in vitro by
Gary Felsenfeld, David Davies, and Alexander Rich. An RNA triple helix consists of three …

Riboswitches are structured non-coding RNAs often located upstream of essential genes in
bacterial messenger RNAs. Such RNAs regulate expression of downstream genes by …

The complexity of gene expression control by non-coding RNA has been highlighted by the
recent progress in the field of riboswitches. Discovered a decade ago, riboswitches …

In bacteria, expression of folate-related genes is controlled by the tetrahydrofolate (THF)
riboswitch in response to specific binding of THF and its derivatives. Recently, a second …

The diverse biological functions of RNA are determined by the complex structures of RNA
stabilized by both secondary and tertiary interactions. An RNA triplex is an important tertiary …

The structure of ribonucleic acid (RNA) polymers is strongly dependent on the presence of,
in particular Mg2+ cations to stabilize structural features. Only in high-resolution X-ray …