China has become the world's largest carbon dioxide emitter and energy consumer, with
serious environmental problems. Therefore, low-carbon economy has become the best …

Initially introduced in 2015, the United Nations (UN) has launched 17 Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs) as a unique platform to facilitate global sustainability, end …

The panel vector autoregression (PVAR) model preserves the advantages of the vector
autoregression model while expanding its time series to the spatial direction, which can …

A better understanding of the relationship between urbanization and the eco-environment is
necessary to guide sustainable urban development and formulate environmental policies. In …

This study aims to investigate how different pillars of sustainable development in Iran
interrelate with those in Russia and Saudi Arabia from the perspective of integrated …

In recent decades, the Iranian economy has experienced unprecedented financial
challenges, resulting in fluctuations in some economic indices. In this study, the impulse …

In the current study, we investigate the dynamic association of tourism, renewable energy,
income, foreign direct investment (FDI), and carbon dioxide (CO 2 e) for Pakistan over 1990 …

The three sustainability pillars of social, environment and economy were initially introduced
by the United Nations in 2002, addressing major global sustainability issues including …

Extensive urbanization and industrialization are taking place in eastern China, resulting in
huge challenges on environmental quality. In this case, a coupling and coordination model …

This study used principal component analysis (PCA) to develop composite indexes for
economic growth, environmental degradation, and social well-being. The mutual …