Importance Cannabis and cannabinoid drugs are widely used to treat disease or alleviate
symptoms, but their efficacy for specific indications is not clear. Objective To conduct a …

Background Comprehensive literature reviews of historical perspectives and evidence
supporting cannabis/cannabinoids in the treatment of pain, including migraine and …

In 1986, the World Health Organization (WHO) proposed the WHO analgesic ladder to
provide adequate pain relief for cancer patients.[1] The analgesic ladder was part of a vast …

The present guidelines are the most recent data on postoperative nausea and vomiting
(PONV) and an update on the 2 previous sets of guidelines published in 2003 and 2007 …

Plants have had an essential role in the folklore of ancient cultures. In addition to the use as
food and spices, plants have also been utilized as medicines for over 5000 years. It is …

Background Cannabis has a long history of medicinal use. Cannabis‐based medications
(cannabinoids) are based on its active element, delta‐9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and …

Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit drug worldwide, with~ 5 million daily users
worldwide. Emerging evidence supports a number of associations between cannabis and …

Background Medicinal cannabis registries typically report pain as the most common reason
for use. It would be clinically useful to identify patterns of cannabis treatment in migraine and …

Cannabis sativa has been used for recreational, therapeutic and other uses for thousands of
years. The plant contains more than 120 C 21 terpenophenolic constituents named …

Cannabis has been used in medicine for thousands of years prior to achieving its current
illicit substance status. Cannabinoids, the active components of Cannabis sativa, mimic the …