The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the recent surgical intraoperational
applications of indocyanine green fluorescence imaging methods, the basics of the …

Background: Idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) is a fibrocellular membrane that
proliferates on the inner surface of the retina at the macular area. Membrane contraction is …

Glial tumors are one of the most common lesions of the central nervous system. Despite the
implementation of appropriate treatment, the prognosis is not successful. As shown in the …

Many groundbreaking therapies for the treatment of blindness require delivery of biologics
or cells to the inner retina by intravitreal injection. Unfortunately, the advancement of these …

Purpose: To assess the risk and benefit of pars plana vitrectomy for diabetic macular edema.
Methods: The authors conducted a systematic literature review using PubMed, EMBASE …

Background: A very important aspect in the treatment of high-grade glioma is gross total
resection to reduce the risk of tumor recurrence. One of the methods to facilitate this task is …

Purpose: To compare surgical outcomes with three dyes, brilliant blue G (BBG), trypan blue
(TB) and indocyanine green (ICG), used to facilitate internal limiting membrane peeling …

Idiopathic macular hole is characterized by a full thickness anatomic defect in the foveal
retina leading to loss of central vision, metamorphopsia and a central scotoma. Classic …

Abstract Since Kelly and Wendel [Arch Ophthalmol 1991; 109: 654-659] first reported
successfully treating macular holes (MHs) using pars plana vitrectomy in 1991, MH surgery …

Since the era when macular hole was considered untreatable, macular hole surgery has
come a long way to being one of the most successful surgeries. Internal limiting membrane …