Educational institutions are required to prepare competent and competitive pre-service
teacher graduates who have skills according to the needs of the 21st century. This study …

Introduction: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a Gram-positive, bacterial human pathogen that
causes a large number of respiratory tract infections, such as pneumonia and sinusitis, as …

BACKGROUND: The development of an oral typhoid fever vaccine need more effective and
having high-efficacy in preventing typhoid fever. The use of liposomes as a vaccine vehicle …

Materials and Methods: An in-house immunochromatographic test (ICT) kit was developed
and used to test a panel of sera sample obtained from a randomly selected symptomatic …

Shigellosis is a global human health problem. Unfortunately, there has not been any
effective vaccine available worldwide. Molecule adhesion of bacteria can be used as a …

Shigella flexneri is the most common causal agent of shigellosis. Its pili are composed of pili
protein subunits. Adhesion molecules can be found on the pili and outer membrane proteins …

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram-negative microaerophilic bacterium that is generally
associated with the main cause of approximately 80% peptic ulcers in stomach. It is also …

Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is a pathogenic bacterium that can cause
nosocomial infection in hospitalized patients with many kinds of manifestations. All bacterial …

Periodontitis is caused mostly by Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and it relates to
acute coronary syndrome. P. gingivalis readily invades into blood circulation and potentially …

Klebsiella pneumoniae as one of the most common cause of VAP is also the second most
common cause of community-and hospital-acquired gram negative bloodstream infection …