Oleanolic acid is a pentacyclic triterpenoid found in numerous plant species and is a
precursor to several bioactive triterpenoids with commercial potential. However, oleanolic …

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs) are enzymes that play critical roles in the
structural diversification of triterpenoids. To perform site-specific oxidations of the triterpene …

Diterpenoid alkaloids (DAs) are major pharmacologically active ingredients of Aconitum
vilmorinianum, an important medicinal plant. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) …

Triterpenoids, a group of specialized plant metabolites with substantial structural diversity,
are promising for healthcare applications. Ursolic acid, a pentacyclic triterpenoid with …

Ginseng, a cornerstone of traditional herbal medicine in Asia, garnered significant attention
for its therapeutic potential. Central to its pharmacological effects are ginsenosides, the …

Root rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum is a serious root disease that affects the growth and
yield of peanut crops worldwide. Identifying resistance genes is of great significance for both …

Abstract NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) is a key enzyme transferring electrons
to cytochrome P450. In tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum), two CPR genes, SlCPR1 and …

Plants require cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) to supply two electrons for cytochrome
P450 monooxygenase enzymes (P450) to react with an organic substrate. The transfer of …

Ginsenosides are the primary active metabolites of ginseng and have been used in
traditional herbal medicine in Asia for more than 4,000 years. Protopanaxadiol (PPD) is the …

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs) are enzymes that play critical roles in the
structural diversification of triterpenoids. To perform site-specific oxidations of the triterpene …