Membrane vesicles released in the extracellular space are composed of a lipid bilayer
enclosing soluble cytosolic material and nuclear components. Extracellular vesicles include …

Extracellular vesicles are cell-derived membrane particles ranging from 30 to 5,000 nm in
size, including exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. They are released under …

Cells secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) by default and in response to diverse stimuli for the
purpose of cell communication and tissue homeostasis. EVs are present in all body fluids …

Extracellular vesicles originate from diverse subcellular compartments and are released in
the extracellular space. By transferring their cargoes into target cells and tissues, they now …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been implicated in the intercellular transfer of RNA and
proteins through cellular secretion into the extracellular space. In blood plasma, circulating …

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the single leading cause of mortality and morbidity
worldwide. A key component of AMI therapy is the timely reopening of occluded vessels to …

Cell‐derived microvesicles are membrane vesicles produced by the outward budding of the
plasma membrane and released by almost all types of cells. These have been considered …

Platelets are very abundant in the blood, where they play a role in hemostasis, inflammation,
and immunity. When activated, platelets undergo a conformational change that allows the …

Most, if not all, cells of the cardiovascular system secrete small, lipid bilayer vesicles called
exosomes. Despite technical challenges in their purification and analysis, exosomes from …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is often caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). IRI significantly
affects kidney metabolism, which elicits pro-inflammatory responses and kidney injury. The …