Purpose: This study aims to generate empirical insights into the extent to which ChatGPT, a
highly capable AI chatbot building on OpenAI's GPT family, is perceived and leveraged by …

Due to the rapid advancement of technology and its impact on English learning outside of
the classroom, Informal Digital Learning of English (IDLE) has grown in popularity among …

Individual interest and self‐regulation are two pillars of self‐directed learning. Despite
empirical evidence on the interaction between the two with respect to academic …

ABSTRACT Based on Fredrickson's (2001) broaden-and-build theory, this study investigates
how Foreign Language Enjoyment (FLE; consisting of teacher appreciation, personal …

This mixed-methods study investigates whether and to what extent positive psychology
constructs (classroom enjoyment, grit, and growth mindset) and Extramural English predict …

While research on informal digital learning of English (IDLE) has proliferated recently, there
still exists a noticeable gap in factors that influence language teachers' attitudes and …

Abstract Informal Digital Learning of English (IDLE) is associated with willingness to
communicate in a second language (L2 WTC). Although affective mediators (eg enjoyment …

In today's digital era, increasing numbers of youth around the world learn English outside
classrooms, frequently with the use of technology. This timely book brings together research …

The purpose of this study was to look into how Information and Communication Technology
(ICT) is used in teaching English language from the point-of-view of English language …

Purpose The present study has three objectives:(1) to explore whether there are statistically
significant relationships between Extramural English (EE) engagement, second/additional …